Number of physical reads 
Number of physical reads: <count>
A
large number of physical reads are being made on the
volumes of the
database instance, since the data requested by the applications was not found
in the
data
cache.
If a table is accessed for the first time, or if it has not been used for a long time, and was therefore displaced from the data cache, then this situation is not a problem.
However, if this does not explain the read activity, check the hit rate for the data cache, and increase the size of the data cache, if necessary.
Also
make sure that the SQL statements specified by the application do not read
significantly more data than needed for processing, because of poor
search strategies,
for example.
If the
database parameter
LRU_FOR_SCAN has
the value
yes, then
table scans
use only 10% of the data cache for caching the table. This means that the
table cannot be held completely in the data cache, and the next scan has to
read it physically again.